Femoroacetabular Impingement

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), also known as hip impingement, is a condition involving the hip joint. FAI occurs when the ball and socket at the hip are deformed and do not fit together well. This creates friction and damage that often leads to pain, stiffness, and arthritis.

Causes

The exact cause of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is unknown, but it occurs when the bones develop abnormally in childhood. FAI causes unevenness and interrupts range of motion because the ball and socket of the hip cannot glide evenly.

Symptoms

The most common symptoms of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is pain and stiffness in the hip or groin area. Pain can range from a deep ache to sharp pain. Pain is usually more noticeable when bending the hip or sitting for long periods of time. FAI can also cause a limp when walking.

Diagnosis

Physicians will diagnose femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) by assessing symptoms, reviewing medical history, and conducting a physical exam. X-rays may also be used to identify the abnormal shape of the ball and socket at the hip.

Treatment

Rest, activity modification, and anti-inflammatory medications are usually effective treatment options for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Physical therapy may also be recommended. If symptoms do not improve with conservative treatment, surgery could be required.