Proximal Humerus Fracture

A proximal humerus fracture, also known as a broken shoulder, is an injury that is common in elderly individuals over the age of 65. Occuring at the head of the humerus (the “ball” of the shoulder’s ball-and-socket), most fractures are non-displaced (out of position). However, up to 20 percent of fractures are displaced and require invasive treatment.

Causes

Proximal humerus fractures are usually the result of a fall or direct impact. Weakened bones from aging or conditions such as osteoporosis can also cause bones to break more easily.

Symptoms

The most common symptoms of a proximal humerus fracture are severe pain, bruising, swelling, and inability to move the arm. In some cases, deformity may also be noticeable.

Diagnosis

In order to diagnose a proximal humerus fracture, physicians will ask about symptoms and conduct a physical exam. X-rays will also be used to identify the extent of the injury.

Treatment

Treatment depends on the level of severity. In the 80 percent of proximal humerus fractures that are non-displaced, a sling and physical therapy are often effective. However, if the bone is out of position (displaced), surgery may be required to realign and anchor the bones or replace the joint.