Baker’s Cyst

A Baker’s cyst is a fluid-filled bulge that forms behind the knee. Baker’s cysts are the result of swollen bursa, which reduce friction between bones and soft tissue in the knee joints.

Causes

Baker’s cysts are caused by joint damage from a number of conditions, including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, torn ligaments, and gout. When the fluid that helps the joints move smoothly collects in the bursa behind the knee, a painful bulge will form.

Symptoms

Although Baker’s cysts are not always painful, the fluid-filled bulge behind the knee will be noticeable. Swelling, stiffness, and limited range of motion are all common symptoms. Baker’s cysts can leak or burst, which causes pain and bruising.

Diagnosis

Physicians will examine the area behind the knee to confirm the Baker’s cyst. Symptoms and medical history will also be assessed to determine the cause. X-rays cannot be used to identify the cyst, but can be used to detect arthritis in the knee.

Treatment

Baker’s cysts typically go away on their own with rest, ice, and elevation. Anti-inflammatory medications can also be effective. In some cases, it may be necessary to drain the cyst. Physical therapy may be recommended to strengthen the knee, if mobility has been impacted.

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